Potty training is a milestone for toddlers, but it is a process that can be frustrating for both parents and child. One way to reduce the stress and make potty training a positive experience is to use rewards as a reinforcer for using the toilet to go potty. Research on children indicates that using rewards is a better way to mold behavior than punishment. Rewards reinforce behavior that is desirable, by increasing the likelihood that a child will repeat the behavior. In addition, using rewards that celebrate a child’s success will likely make them feel good about themselves.

Toddlers are generally ready to potty train between the ages of 18 months and 3 years of age. This will vary somewhat from child to child based on their readiness for the task. Toddlers need to be physically ready for the task of potty training. One sign that they are ready is that the can stay dry for a few hours at a time. They will also be able to tell you that they have to go to the bathroom. Children will begin to indicate that they want to be independent. When the time is right, begin using rewards as a great reinforcement every time the toddler succeeds in using the toilet. Eventually using the toilet becomes a routine and not the main event.

The best reward for good behavior remains parental approval. Telling your child that he or she has done something good instills confidence and is a powerful motivator. There is some evidence that the praise should be frequent, but that it shouldn’t be so enthusiastic that it ads to the pressure they are already feeling. Give your child ample praises when he or she uses the toilet and congratulate them when they tell you they have to go. Refrain from getting angry if the child has an accident, chances are they already feel bad. Anger may also instill anxiety and fear that will interfere with the child’s self-restraint and control. Exercising patience and kindness will let the child know they are safe and loved, and learning the skills necessary for potty training will develop naturally. Potty training can be a confusing time considering all that’s being expected of your young child. Using positive reinforcement will take the edge off for the whole family.

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